Depiction of character through music and words Essay Example

Delineation of character through music and words Essay This exposition expands on my investigations of Carmen and Tristan und Isolde, in which I thought about how character can be depicted through words and music. I will look at Robert Louis Stevensons short story Strange Case of Jekyll and Hyde and one of its numerous adjustments, from novel to the Broadway melodic Jekyll and Hyde by Leslie Bricusse and Frank Wildhorn. I will talk about how the characters are depicted in the novel through words alone, focusing basically on the double character of Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde, and afterward inspect the lyrics and investigate whether the expansion of the arrangement and vocal lines of the melodic upgrade or bring down the depiction and portrayal of the character. I will likewise investigate the delineation of the duality of the considerable number of characters inside the melodic, as I feel that Bricusse and Wildhorn were attempting to pass on through their adjustment that each individual has a double character and they pick which Facade to present to the world. We will compose a custom exposition test on Depiction of character through music and words explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Depiction of character through music and words explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Depiction of character through music and words explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer This was positively the reason of the first story by Stevenson. As Stevenson says in his exposition Lay Morals: We ought not live on the other hand with our restricting propensities in persistent see-saw of energy and appall, yet look for some way on which the inclinations will not contradict anymore, yet serve each other to regular end. The tale of the Strange Case of Jekyll and Hyde (note that for reasons unknown Stevenson decided not to incorporate the word the toward the start of the title) was initially composed and distributed in 1886. Stevenson had held an interest with the possibility of the duality of human instinct and needed to consolidate the ideas of the rival sides of good and malice inside a story. It is said that the first draft of the novel was composed incredibly rapidly. Lloyd Osbourne, Stevensons stepson, recollects that; I dont accept that there was ever such a scholarly accomplishment before as the composition of Dr Jekyll. I recall the main perusing as though it were yesterday. Louis came down the stairs in a fever; read almost a large portion of the book so anyone might hear; and afterward, while we were all the while wheezing, he was away once more, and occupied with composing. I question if the primary draft took such a long time as three days This sounds as though Stevenson was grasped by a fever, an impulse, similarly as Jekyll was in the novel. This mad organization was the immediate aftereffect of a fantasy, right around a bad dream, in which Stevenson saw the principal change of Jekyll into Hyde. This originates from a story related by Mrs Stevenson who expressed that she had woken her better half, thinking he was having a bad dream. He chastised her for waking him, expressing that he had been dreaming a fine intruder story. The reason of the novel is the idea of the characters of Henry Jekyll and Edward Hyde, who are much the same as a double character, a solitary element disassociated into two separate parts. They are, actually, what clinician and specialist Otto Rank alludes to as restricting selves. Rank recommends the twofold in crude social orders is viewed as a shadow, speaking to both the living individual and the dead. The shadow outlasts oneself, accomplishing interminability, and turning into a gatekeeper heavenly attendant of sorts. In current civilisations notwithstanding, the shadow turns into a sign of death to the reluctant person. The shadow turns into an inverse, an adjust sense of self, a devil instead of a gatekeeper holy messenger. (Rank 71-76) This being the situation, characterisation and the projection of attributes is indispensably critical to the plot. In the novel, Hyde is depicted from the beginning as the wicked and massive side of Jekyll, consistent with the advanced civilisation shadow as recently portrayed. He is portrayed as having a sort of dark scoffing coolness. like Satan (Strange Case p. 32) and furthermore resembles being distorted, pale and diminutive (Strange Case p. 40). All who see him can't give an exact depiction of him in fact Poole the head servant portrays him as a thing as he is at a misfortune for a progressively proper depiction. At the point when John Utterson, Jekylls companion and legal advisor, experiences Hyde, he portrays him as being revolting, as though distorted yet can't explicitly state why. Given the way that Hydes modify sense of self Jekyll is their companion, this could be on the grounds that they know about some recognition about Hyde yet have no clue about what that commonality is. In reality their psyches presumably keep them from intentionally making the awful association. Jekylls character in the novel is seen through Uttersons eyes until the last section. We in this way develop an onlookers perspective on Jekyll, depending on second and third hand records of occasions and events, thus maybe not sympathizing with the character as we could have done if the story had been told from Jekylls perspective from the beginning. This was most likely Stevensons expectation in reality he was endeavoring to introduce the duality of man as a risky thing, something which, on the off chance that it wasnt recognized, could be disastrous. This risk is demonstrated in the novel, as all the characters inside it are inadequate in their own self information, and in this way neglect to comprehend the connections between duality, evil spirits and passing. The perusers of the novel are along these lines left to locate their own answer with regards to the secret of the instance of Jekyll and Hyde, and Stevenson drives us to comprehend the risk of inability to comprehend our own duality by clarifying that Jekyll fears presentation more than death. This is the reason he in the end ends it all towards the finish of the novel as he takes steps to be his own killer so as to cover Hydes character and keep him from proceeding to command his character. Bricusse and Wildhorns Broadway melodic adaptation of Strange Case Of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde entitled basically Jekyll and Hyde was composed as a melodic for the Broadway stage, and albeit initially melodic venue was a light redirection, ordinarily with a residential account, the class advanced to being something that may incorporate obvious examination and social remark, regularly enveloping mental and representative centers (Snelson). This depicts the style of this melodic. Snelson likewise expresses that early melodic auditorium basically interjected well known tunes into light plots however afterward practically any subject was thought appropriate for the melodic, which was regularly introduced as through sung with broad utilization of melodic theme. In spite of the fact that not totally through sung, Jekyll and Hyde utilizes melodic theme. This adjustment, while staying consistent with the general reason of Stevensons unique story, treats it in an alternate route so as to guarantee its practicality as a melodic performance center piece. Rather than being told from Uttersons perspective totally, we are acquainted with the story by Utterson in the preface and afterward we see considerably more of Jekylls character than we ever do in the first novel. I feel this is to assist the crowd with empathizing with him in reality were we to feel a similar aversion for him as we are urged to do in the novel the melodic would not work, as it is important to have a specific poignancy for the main hero so as to mind what happens to him in the conclusion. It is fascinating to investigate the distinctions in the portrayal of the character, and furthermore to think about the similitudes, the aspects of Jekyll and Hydes characters which Bricusse and Wildhorn felt important to remember for their adjustment. A few modifiers and unmistakable expressions from the first story are remembered for the lyrics for the melodic. Jekylls exchange and verses for his tunes are enthusiastic, astute, decided and good natured. They pass on a good natured, caring character who really needs to help individuals and improve the world a spot. In his first melody, Lost in the Darkness it is clarified that he thinks about his dad and needs to get him out of his psychological instability. He really accepts he can do this using a logical elixir he has been taking a shot at and is kept from doing this by his bosses at the clinic. He starts the melody gently with a comprehension of his dads mental state (Lost in the murkiness, quiet encompasses you, once there was morning, presently perpetual night) and toward the finish of the tune guarantees his dad that he will proceed in his work (I will discover the appropriate response, Ill never desert you, I guarantee you this until the day that I bite the dust. ) The melody starts in the key of G# Minor, regulating to the significant key in the second section when Jekyll is tending to his dad legitimately, entreating him to hear his words and his guarantee this underlines his expectations and his delicate side. The music at that point returns to the minor key in anticipation of the fol lowing melody which sets the subject for the whole show. In Jekylls melodies with Emma Carew, his fianci e, he is mindful and delicate once more, his earnestness and love for Emma are passed on through his words, similar to his enthusiasm for his work. Their first two part harmony, Take Me as I Am is written in B level major and is in the style of an exemplary love two part harmony. Jekyll communicates his requirement for Emma (and when depression tears me in two who would i be able to go to however you? ) yet this likewise indicates what is to come, the division of the two sides of his character, and when this in the long run happens he finds that, actually, he can't go to Emma, as he needs to shield her from reality. Rather he goes to a sort hearted prostitute, Lucy Harris, who is something contrary to Emma, as Hyde is something contrary to Jekyll. He likewise goes to Utterson, his companion and legal advisor. Thinking about the remainder of the verses of this tune, it seems, by all accounts, to be a moral story for the connection among Jekyll and Hyde Jekyll states

Alan Mulally, Ceo, Ford Motor Company

Portray what is spurring Jim Goodnight. Talk about how these variables are comparative or diverse to what may propel you on the off chance that you worked at SAS. What persuades Jim goodnight is that he has gathered an organization with steadfast representatives that appreciate working in the association. Jim accepts that† on the off chance that you treat workers as though they have any kind of effect to the organization, they will make a difference† to the organization. (Hellriegel and Slocum, 2011) As expressed for the situation simply being able to work in unwind and calm condition makes the activity progressively beneficial which is an incredible factor in any activity you work at. Jim offers incredible advantages to work at SAS. SAS has an on refer to childcare community for kids is an incredible factor. Being able to have boundless days off to take off for family. Those are the most significant components when working since you never need to feel like you put your activity in danger for removing a ton for days off. Hellriegel, D. and Slocum, Jr. J. (2011). Hierarchical conduct. Artisan, OH Cengage Learning distributing Describe moral issues related with execution based prize projects. Moral issues related with based execution reward programs are for instance with DIRECTV as a CSR are motivating forces are base upon our yearly execution which our boss gets a level of that. I feel that bosses shouldn’t have the option to get a specific level of the employee’s income. This has been executed from the activity as an offer or motivating force to manager as an advantage for the activity. As far as you can tell, clarify any maltreatment you have seen. An encounter I have seen at a past activity where I have worked, a worker has prepared another representative for a chief position and once prepared the representative got less cash-flow than the other worker that was prepared. I see that as moral. Suggest how pioneers can address such maltreatment. Pioneers need to structure a superior administration that can be the over ocean to address the escape clauses in the issues that are happening. Representatives shouldn’t train the board. There ought to be a group of the board coaches that train the chiefs for their occupations.

Startup Hubs Around the World Rio de Janeiro

Startup Hubs Around the World Rio de Janeiro Considered by many to be the land of unrivaled soccer, Brazil is famous for its lifestyle of outdoor pursuits.   Pristine beaches, historic sites, lush rainforests and world-class cities are scattered across the landscape of this South American country.   One could travel the roads, crossing the mountainous regions and native vegetation, or one could head straight to Rio de Janeiro for a chance to witness a little bit of everything Brazil has to offer.   Beneath the surface of this tourist hot spot, however, is a vibrant, thriving and growing community of entrepreneurs who have pushed Rio de Janeiro into becoming one of the world’s leading start-up hubs. © Shutterstock.com | marchello74In this article about Rio de Janeiro, we look at  six essential elements  of a potential start-up location  that must be considered: 1)  location, 2)  tax incentives, 3)  legal incentives, 4)  availability of investors, 5)  local resources and workforce, and 6)  specialization.1. LOCATIONThe second largest city in Brazil, Rio de Janeiro sits along the western coast, nestled up to the Atlantic Ocean.   It may be hard to imagine that a city surrounded by such beauty could also be a city filled with experts and developers.   Nevertheless, the city of beauty has proven that it can be both beautiful and smart â€" as it was chosen recently to host the Global Entrepreneurship Congress (GEC).   Bringing together some of the smartest minds in the business, the GEC was a method of raising awareness and education for entrepreneurs.   Hoping to further cultivate a sense of global community among entrepreneurs and developers, the GEC used the city of Rio as a live demonstration of the power of networking and business.One of Brazil’s major transportation hubs, Rio has a wide range of transportation options that makes travelling to and from the city easy.   Rio de Janeiro has an international airport with easy connections to most other major airports in the world. With relatively short flights, start-up developers can travel to other locations to secure funding or investigate expansion possibilities. In the same manner, investors and other interested parties can easily reach start-up headquarters. A well-developed roadway offers transportation around the city by bus, taxi or car.   For the international entrepreneur who may be just beginning to live in Brazil, there is a subway system to allow for quick and easy navigation of the city. Rio is a connected city.Several large corporations are building technology centers in the city of Rio de Janeiro, creating incubators for the city’s start-ups. Siemens, Cisco and Microsoft have pledged to bu ild large facilities (at least $100 million each) around the city. Using the city’s newly designed digital map, an interested party would notice that Rio de Janeiro has a collection of incubators, accelerators, investors and start-ups scattered throughout the city. By strategically placing the start-up facilities through-out the city, the entire city is strengthened and benefits from the creative ideas and plans.2. TAX INCENTIVESOfficials in Rio de Janeiro have put together an incentive package that will help entrepreneurs establish their business and will encourage companies to maintain a local office.   Aptly named “Start-Up Brasil”, it promises up to $78 million in government funds to back 100 start-ups. Designed to attract local and foreign developers, the goal is to create jobs within the country as well as push Rio towards the front of the highly competitive start-up race. Backed by a mixture of public/private funds, the initiative will allow selected start-ups to move t hrough one of Rio’s business accelerators and receive monthly operational money in the form of grants. Limiting the number of foreign owned start-ups is vital for a city that wants to encourage long term local growth. Foreign ownership would receive assistance in applying for visas and permits, a process that has been described as tedious and confusing.Currently, the entrepreneur who wishes to start-up a company in Rio de Janeiro would most likely consider the taxes and start-up costs expensive as compared to other locations.   As the government of Brazil begins to embrace the entrepreneurial spirit, one can speculate that other tax incentives will be instituted.   At the present time, payroll taxes hover up to 27.5% for residents and flat 25% for non-residents, which leaves the income after tax by around 70%. The government is investing millions in improving the infrastructure of the country: upgrading internet broadband, repairing roads and railways, investing in the education s ystem. These additions to the current trend of entrepreneurs in Rio are all helping to create an environment where innovation and design can flourish, but they cost money.   The high tax rates in Brazil are a definite drawback to the otherwise charming city of Rio de Janeiro’s allure.3. LEGAL INCENTIVESThe bureaucracy involved in beginning a start-up within Rio de Janeiro is daunting.   Out of 183 countries, Brazil is ranked 120th in simplicity in opening a business. Tax legislation (described as a ‘quagmire’) and legal processes require a Brazilian resident as well as a lawyer or accountant.There are rumors of corruption within the Brazilian system, and foreigners seem to struggle with the process of establishing a business.   Recent changes to the process of filing the necessary paperwork has been streamlined to allow for online payment of filing fees and registration.   It is unclear if this will be enough to encourage more entrepreneurs to wade into the start-up market.Rio de Janeiro would benefit from creating additional incentives for start-ups that make it attractive to young entrepreneurs who are looking for a career.   Offering visa extensions and assistance to foreign designers, establishing collaboration workspaces or business zones with relaxed zoning regulations would help to encourage growth. Rio has been studying the success of other start-up hubs around the world â€" they need to pay closer attention to the additional incentives that can be offered. With a healthy economy, the competition for qualified workers is strong. As the global marketplace continues to grow, there will be a shift to areas other than Rio de Janeiro if they cannot prepare an environment that will be welcoming to start-ups.With a centralized group for entrepreneurs, the government can offer legal assistance to new start-ups, provide advice and support for companies who are selling their products or offer a myriad of other support methods that would help ease the trans ition to success.4. AVAILABILITY OF INVESTORSAttracting attention from all over the world, investors are starting to flock to Rio de Janeiro â€" and they aren’t rushing to the beach.   Start-ups have access to over $400 billion through assets managers, pensions and private equity. In addition, the world’s largest venture capital funds have all established a presence in Rio: Accell Partners, Redpoint Ventures, as well as several others. SVB Capital, a California venture based capital firm, invested over $300 million in Brazil within the last few years. The money is beginning to flow into Rio â€" the question is: How easy is it to access?There is a gap between the start-up funding and the growth capital that a company needs to establish itself, but the availability of the money may be a problem. Many companies are interested in seed venture, but have not made the jump into growth money. With the larger venture capital funds moving into the city, the opportunity for a company to pu sh through to the next level may be easier and quicker. In addition, the government grants to companies that develop technologies within a specific field will help bridge the gap between investments.In a further effort to raise awareness of the Brazilian start-up market, Startup Brasil will maintain a hub in Silicon Valley. Part of Brazil’s major initiative to increase entrepreneurship, the hub will serve to attract foreign investors, generate business and increase global collaboration. Presumably the first of several hubs around the world, Brazil is not wasting any time establishing themselves as a player in this high-stakes game of business.5. LOCAL RESOURCE WORKFORCEOne of the largest resources available in any start-up market is the workforce. This is particularly true in Rio de Janeiro.   With the second largest population in Brazil, sheer numbers indicate that there is a large number of available staff. To assist in maintaining a high level of education, four of Brazil’s top nine universities are located within the city and offer highly specialized courses of study. Knowing that there are multiple opportunities for growth and entrepreneurship, the universities offer more high challenging courses in geometry, engineering, physics and more.Hubs, or collaboration zones, are created to encourage growth in a particular area. In the last five years, over 1.1 billion dollars have been invested in the hubs in Rio â€" more than any other South American city. Within Rio de Janeiro are start-up hubs for Innovation, Math, Energy Health, Media Entertainment. The 22 incubators in Rio have graduated 182 companies â€" proving that innovation and design are possible and attainable. Success breeds success in the start-up community, so the success of any company is also considered effective marketing.With a growing e-commerce market, the people of Rio are highly connected to the internet. One of the world’s largest numbers of social media users, Brazil offers resi dents a glimpse into the world that previously had only been outside the reach of the people. As the government improves the broadband capabilities, one can imagine that even more people will begin to take advantage of the chance to shop online. The demand for new technology solutions will increase, and the cycle of innovation and design will continue.The culture of the people of Rio has gradually changed, with a tendency towards entrepreneurship that has been missing up until now.   It is a slow process, with less than 10% of the population involved in entrepreneurship. Those who are becoming more active in entrepreneurship are from all walks of life and Rio has an equal number of men and women who have taken the start-up plunge.6. SPECIALIZATIONThe leadership of the entrepreneurial push in Rio is not content to sit back and let start-ups find their way on their own. There is a strong push towards markets that Rio de Janeiro (and, in turn, Brazil) is weak in, as well as markets tha t they are excelling in.Predominately, tech leaders and government officials want to develop a strategic plan to increase the number of start-ups who will cater to the Brazilian market. While they encourage international start-ups to make Rio their home, they are particularly interested in the companies that will maintain a presence within Brazil. Whether through a local office or a company headquarters, Brazil is looking for staying power in their start-up zones.In addition, Brazil is placing a high premium on developers in the area of information technology. Considered a vital part of their ability to attract new business, Rio wants to excel in the IT start-up world. They are focusing on several other areas that hold potential for future advancement: agribusiness (an area that will help Brazil’s already strong economy even more) and aeronautics, as well as transportation and healthcare.For the next several years, Brazil will be in the spotlight as the world turns their eyes towa rds this country. With essentially back-to-back global competitions all centering in Rio, there is a rich market available for the tech developer who can cater to the visitor/sports enthusiast client.Further, the e-commerce industry is beginning to boom within the nation’s capital as Brazilians embrace the power of technology and online shopping. Within Rio, the climate is ready for new and improved shopping experiences. An entrepreneur who has their finger on the pulse of the city will be ready to spring into action at a moment’s notice and capitalize on the new tech-hungry audience.Sports fans are anticipating greatness from the country of Brazil over the next few years, and the world will be watching to witness how they handle the onslaught of press, people and attention.   After the sporting events, however, the press will move on to the next story and the public will turn its attention to another topic.   Out of the public eye, Rio de Janeiro will be still working to establ ish its place on the world stage in a different arena: the entrepreneurial start-ups.   Only time will tell if Rio de Janeiro will succeed in their quest to dominate the start-up market and establish a hub that will draw the attention of investors from around the world.   There are no trophies handed out for winning, but the rewards are long-lasting for a country that prides itself on its global appeal.

Banking Insitutions and Big Businesses Regulated or...

Regulation is defined as a law, rule, or other order prescribed by authority, especially to regulate conduct. Deregulation is defined as to remove government regulatory controls from an industry, a commodity, etc. The big question is can an institution of any type able to self-regulate in an appropriate manner. Are they able to put profit to the side for the health and safety of people? Are they capable of making ethical decisions and to not adversely affect people? Does the past indicate this? And if they display good judgment should regulation be scaled back? Banking institutions and big business have done severe damage to the American economy and destroyed millions of lives, many times. Panics, depressions and recessions riddle our†¦show more content†¦Then bundling and selling off these loans that turned into toxic assets on the market. If that wasn’t enough they took out insurance on these toxic loans, which AIG backed. When banks and brokers came to collect on their hedged bets, it was almost collapse AIG. This started a chain of near bankruptcy and the act of the bail out or TRAP. Under President Franklin D Roosevelt, a man named Ferdinand Pecora, was responsible for exposing the shady dealings of big banks, tax evasion, self-dealing, and bad speculations, which resulted in the Glass-Steagall act of 1933. Pecora wrote in his book Wall Street Under Oath, â€Å"Under the surface of the governmental regulation, the same forces that produced the riotous speculative excesses of the ‘wild bull market’ of 1929 still give evidences of their existence and influence.†¦ It cannot be doubted that, given a suitable opportunity, they would spring back into pernicious activity.† I do believe he was right. Although we have had some recessions between the 1940’s and now, nothing to the magnitude of the Great Depression or the Great Recession. I personally believe it’s a little more than a coincidence that the economy crash happened just 9 years after the repeal of Glass-Steagall in 1999 under President Clinton. A handful of greedy Americans are affecting the rest of American lives and reputations. Many people including my own parents, that played by the rules,

Characteristics Of The Debt Finance Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1348 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Debt financing is financing a company by selling the bonds, notes or mortgages held by the business. Basically it is borrowing money to keep your business running. Long term debt financing is typically associated with larger assets such as buildings, equipment, land, and large machinery. The schedule for repayment for long term debt financing expands for more than a year. Short term debt financing is mostly associated with operations of the business such as inventory purchasing, payroll, and supplies. The repayment of short term debt financing happens in less than a year. With debt financing, your business does not have give up future profits or ownership in the company like with equity financing. Debt financing is more commonly known as selling bonds or debentures. Debentures are tools used by large companies to raise capital for their projects and operations. This is known as a debt offering since the company literally goes into debt to the investors until th e price of the debenture is paid back, plus interest, or until it is converted into stock. The company must record this debt in their balance sheet. If bankruptcy occurs, the debenture holders are considered creditors and must be paid back by the companys remaining assets. Debentures are a way for companies to raise capital without having to use their assets or give up ownership in their company. This leaves their assets free to do other things to generate capital for the business. Long term Long term debt financing is done, when the repayment schedule of the loan and the approximated useful life that the purchased assets have is expected to go beyond one year. These assets can be machineries, computers, shelving, land and other such things. The long term loans are usually secured initially up to 65 percent by the purchased assets and then, the remaining 35 percent by the unburdened physical assets. If both these things fail, then the services are availed of guarantors and sha reholders. Characteristics of the Long Term Loans of Debt : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ The principal amount is repaid over a time period that is in direct relation to the utilitarian life of assets such as buildings and land up to 30 years and computers for 3 years. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ The long term loan of debt carries the repayment provisions of both the principal as well as the interest in a repayment schedule that is preset. The repayment that is done before time is penalty bound, on account of the non-planning of the alternative investments regarding the same by the lenders. ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢ The percentage of the interest rate usually remains steady for the entire loan term. Every payment of the original amount reduces the balance in it and subsequently, the interest is computed on the reducing balance of the amount. The Evaluation and Approach of the Loans : The long term loan evaluation is a very sophisticated and rigorous process, than the evaluation of mortgage loans. The lenders of such loans are in fact evaluating the management teams ability, seeing the situations commercial viability and the collateral security attached for supporting the loan application, as mentioned in the financial submissions. The evaluation of the long term loans requires a plan that is in the format of a bound presentation and provides all the detailed information about the companys management or the project or individuals. The loans concerning the business requires the exact history of it, the production methods of its products, the operations of the business, its market position, the purpose of taking the loan with the intimate details, the securities given for the loan approval and the extensive projections and financial information regarding the business. Most of the people approach the field of money borrowing with some apprehension. In fact, the borrowing of money from financial institutions has not to be view ed as begging. Rather, it has to be viewed as giving an opportunity to the commercial loan institute for doing business. The money is borrowed from the people, who aid in soliciting the business of the individuals taking the loan. Loans are in fact a commodity on the shelves of the retailers. The aspirants of the loans are actually helping the lenders in doing business. Short Term CF Short Term Debt financing usually applies to money needed for the day-to-day operations of the business, such as purchasing inventory, supplies, or paying the wages of employees. Short term financing is referred to as an operating loan or short term loan because scheduled repayment takes place in less than one year. A line of credit is an example of short term debt financing. Commercial Banks and Non Performing Loans Role of Commercial Banks in Extending Loans Loans as Assets for the Commercial Banks Nonperforming Loans A nonperforming loan seems simple enough to understand in theory but is subject to various definitions. Generally speaking, a loan is nonperforming when it is not making income for the lender. According to the Financial Times, the point when a loan is classified as nonperforming by a lender and when it becomes a bad debt depends on local regulations. There is no global standard to define non-performing loans at the practical level. Variations exist in terms of the classification system, the scope, and contents. Such problem potentially adds to disorder and uncertainty in the NPL issues. For example, as described by Se-Hark Park (2003), during 1990s, there were three different methods of defining non-performing loans in Japan: the 1993 method based on banking laws; the Banks Self-Valuation in March 1996; and the Financial Revival Laws-Based Debt Disclosure in 1999. These measurements have gradually broadened the scope and scales of the risk-management method. Similar to the trend in Japan, more countries, regulators, and banks are movin g towards adopting and adapting better and more consensus practices. For example, in the U.S., federal regulated banks are required to use the five-tier non-performing loan classification system according to BIS: Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful, and Loss. Presently, the five-tier system is the most popular risk classification method, or, in some cases, a dual system of reporting according to their domestic policy guidelines as well as the five-tier system. According to BIS, the standard loan classifications are defined as follows: (1) Passed: Solvent loans; (2) Special Mention: Loans to enterprises which may pose some collection difficulties, for instance, because of continuing business losses; (3) Substandard: Loans whose interest or principal payments are longer than three months in arrears of lending conditions are eased. The banks make 10% provision for the unsecured portion of the loans classified as substandard; (4) Doubtful: Full liquidation of outsta nding debts appears doubtful and the accounts suggest that there will be a loss, the exact amount of which cannot be determined as yet. Banks make 50% provision for doubtful loans; (5) Virtual Loss and Loss (Unrecoverable): Outstanding debts are regarded as not collectable, usually loans to firms which applied for legal resolution and protection under bankruptcy laws. Banks make 100% provision for loss loans. Non-performing loans comprise the loans in the latter three categories, and are further differentiated according to the degree of collection difficulties. In addition to the standardised system, efforts have been made to improve the classification of loans. For example, more countries are shortening the period when unpaid loans become past due, intending to put loans on lenders timetable sooner and require them to address these loans before losses start to escalate. The International Accounting Standard 39 revised in 2003 focuses on recognition and measurement of finan cial instruments and, most importantly, defines and establishes the measurement and evaluation of impaired loans. As lenders usually make little or no loss provision for impaired loans, they are at risk to be suddenly forced to reclassify such loans as a loss and take a full write-down if the borrowers go bankrupt. The initiation of this standard is to prevent lenders from being caught off-guard. In addition, many global economists, rating agencies, and organisations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank have begun to evaluate the effects of NPLs on GDP growth. They reduce growth estimates to reflect the time and cost of resolving large non-performing loan issues. The Time Limit Assets (Loans) Classification Substandard Doubtful Loss Provisioning Substandard Doubtful Loss Credit Risk Management Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Characteristics Of The Debt Finance Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order

Aristotle Critical Lens Free Essays

â€Å"Though we love both the truth and our friends, piety requires us to honor the truth first. † Often times in life, one is caught in a sticky situation. While morals and values and normally highly regarded, complications arise when friendships are involved. We will write a custom essay sample on Aristotle Critical Lens or any similar topic only for you Order Now Relationships are an essential part of existence, the emotional connections are often the ones that shape our lives.. One if often faced with the difficult toss up between doing what is right and doing what you want. It’s a balancing out between the loyalty to your friends and maintaining your morals. I agree with this quote because piety is the quality of being religious or reverent. In order to be religious one must follow a moral code and not put worldly relationships or emotions as higher priority than the truth. An example of the struggle to find the balance is displayed in After Twenty Years by O’ Henry and Lord of the Flies by William Golding. An example of this struggle is exemplified in â€Å"After Twenty Years† by O’Henry. Two friends separated by years, miles, and jaded by their experiences since the last time they’ve met, are scheduled to reunite and rekindle the friendship they once had. The way Bob describes their friendship it was almost as if they were blood brothers, bonded together so tightly it was as if they were family. He even refers to his old pal Jimmy as the â€Å"truest and stanchest old chap in the world. † This foreshadows that he was going to remain true to his morals as opposed to honoring the friendship. His diction and use of kind words describing his friend even after twenty years of absence really exemplifies the strength of their friendship. True friends are a constant in your life and even though they may not be physically present, they will always have a special place in your heart. Another example of the foreshadowing of what’s to come is the intrigue the police officer seems to have with the man’s story. He seems much to inquisitive to just be a random stranger. You can see that he is generally interested in what has happened since his friend departed, and just the mere fact that he was present where he said he would be 20 years prior shows the true and honest man he is. And yet, when given the choice between preserving the friendship so long in the making, and doing what is right and turning his old friend in for being a criminal, he, being a police officer understands the importance of abiding by the law and chooses to turn his friend in to the authorities. While this must have been a difficult choice, this is shown because he couldn’t even break the news to him himself and needed to deflect the position onto someone else, he did what he felt was right and lived according to Aristotle’s quote. In Lord of the Flies, Ralph represents the traditional government in society. He maintains order, preserves the dignity of the union, and attempts to preserve the traditions of his forefathers. A schism occurs in this allegory within the tribe with Jack leading half and Ralph leading the others. This is symbolic of mankind and how savagery and civilization exist in unity. When savagery threatens the way of things, many fear for their own lives and safety and begin to cross over to â€Å"the dark side†. When the tribal chants and Jack’s need to kill becomes apparent, this foreshadows the savage turn in which the book will take. At the end, all the characters have either perished in the fighting or followed Jack to preserve their own lives, all except Ralph. Though he lost many followers and his high ranking â€Å"popularity† within the group, he maintains his morals and ultimately does what he believes is right regardless of the consequences. While this may a controversial issue and falls into the abstract gray area as opposed to a clear cut black and white, it cannot be denied that these two men upholded their morals and did not compromise the lessons instilled in them. What is also evident is that these men did follow a moral code which would classify as being religious, or pious. Even today the struggle between doing what you want and what you need to do is seen in court cases where one does not want to incriminate a friend, or even in your everyday life where a student might witness their fellow classmate cheating. This brings us to the question: If put into the circumstance, which will you honor first, truth or friendship? How to cite Aristotle Critical Lens, Papers

The Dynamic Business World of Today Samples for Students .

Question: 1.Discuss how Manageers can Make Effective Decisions in today world ? 2.What is Organisational Culture and how does it Influence Employee Behavier in an Organisation ? 3.Will Planning Become More or less Important to Managers in the Future ? Answer: 1. In the dynamic business world of today, there are a host of variables that need to be considered in order to make prudent decisions especially because so much data is available relatively easily. However, since decision maker has bounded rationality and can consider only limited aspects, it is worthwhile that for every decision, rather than taking all the parameters into consideration, it makes sense to limit the purview only to a limited variables which tend to have the highest impact. This helps in maintaining equilibrium between the prudence of decision and the time frame within which it needs to be made (Burton and Thakur, 2004). Also, it is vital for the managers to embrace technology in decision making as various kind of software such as decision support systems are available which tend to present data in formats which aid decision management. Further, such systems ensure that all the relevant data is automatically available in the format that the decision maker intends to have and thus decision making becomes simplified as only interpretation is left to some extent to the decision maker. Even in this case, computing tools are available which consider all the inputs and provide model decisions for the assistance of the decision maker (Folino, 2005). Besides, considering the complexity of the decision making particularly in problems that involve way too many aspects which are vital, it makes sense to take decisions with the help of a team as vital inputs can be provided by the team members in relation to the particular aspects. Further, this option also provides expert advice of the team members on certain aspects where the decision maker may have only limited knowledge and exposure. Also, team members may offer such pragmatic solution which in isolation may not be possible and thus overall decision accuracy is improved (Heller, 2008). 2. Just like people who tend to have a culture, organizations also have a culture which is known as organizational culture. This primarily refers to the set of shared values and beliefs that the organization stands for which normally are reflected through the policies of the company and the behavior of the people belonging to the organization. Organization culture is a key element which tends to define the manner in which the business activities are performed and also the conduct of the firm towards the various stakeholders including the employees (Fox, 2007). Organizational culture tends to have a significant influence on the behavior of employees. For instance, in a bureaucratic organization the focus is on processes rather than meeting the needs and expectations of the consumers. As a result, employees tend to follow order from seniors and procedures even though these may do little to provide quality service to the consumer. The case would be very different in a service based private entity where literally the consumer is the king and the employees would go out their way to assist the customers and provide them the requisite assistance. This essentially flows from the organizational culture and value system (Bratton, 2015). Similarly, the level of formality coupled with the dress code for the organization is also driven by the culture. For instance, in traditional businesses with traditional outlook, formal conduct in interactions and dressing is emphasized on (Fox, 2007). However, this is not the case in an organization where the culture is more western and casual. In such an environment, casual behavior is the norm which is reflected in every aspect and tends to facilitate creativity in work with high degree of customer focus. Besides, the relationship between supervisor and employee is impacted by the organizational culture which defines the utility of employees for the organization (Bratton, 2015). 3. Planning would certainly be more important in the future as the project complexity is on the rise and thus it required adept planning in order to execute the project within given deadlines and cost constraints. However, the nature of planning in the future would undergo a change as the underlying environment in which the businesses operate are increasingly becoming more dynamic and hence a high degree of flexibility is required. Thus, planning for contingency and having alternate plans in wake of expected and unexpected changes would assume very high importance especially in case of longer projects (Warner, 2010). Further, technology would also emerge as a key enabler in this process as inputs from various packages would need to be considered while considering the dynamic planning process. Besides, technology allows the planners to simulate the various possible scenarios going ahead and to model separate plans to deal with the situations. Thus, planning is bound to become more critical so that the project managers can take requisite measures to deal with a particular contingency (Heller, 2008). Besides, the static planning would have to be done for shorter intervals and beyond those scenario planning would be required which would provide prior information to the managers and the associated team of what the scenario could be going ahead in the future and through technology this can be analyzed and understood even before the decision has been implemented. Thus, the reliance on scenario based planning would be vital for the future success for the managers as the traditional form of planning is fa st losing relevance as decisions need to be taken keeping in mind that need to be altered along with course in line with potential changes in internal and external variables (Burton and Thakur, 2004). References Bratton, J. (2015) Introduction to work and Organisational Behaviour.3rd edn. New York:Palgrave Macmillan. Burton, G. and Thakur, M. (2004) Management Today: Principles and Practice. 6th edn. New York: Tata McGraw Hill Education. Folino, F.D. (2005) Making Effective Decision.3rd edn. New Jersey: Gemini Books. Fox, W. (2007) Managing Organisational Behaviour. 2nd edn. Claremont: Juta and Company Ltd. Heller, R. (2008) DK Essential Managers: Making Decision.7th edn. London: DK Publishing. Warner, J. (2010) Time Management Effectiveness Profile Facilitators Guide. 4thedn.Amherst: Human Resource Development